在当前产业转型与生态文明建设的双重背景下,中国污染密集型产业出口面临着更多挑战。基于2003—2016年中国海关贸易数据库的实证研究发现,中国污染密集型产业的出口规模在时间上、空间上表现出不均衡性。从出口强度看,中西部地区对污染密集型产业的出口依赖性相对更高。政策层面,环境规制短期内会抑制污染密集型产业出口规模,但其长期效应相对有限。企业层面,污染密集型企业出口产品与本地的技术关联越强、复杂度越高,越不容易受到地方环境规制压力的负面影响。在绿色发展理念指导下,政府需动态调整环境政策,采用因地、因时制宜的治理模式;企业需有意识地推动生产技术更新与产品质量升级,承担更多的环保责任。
The export of China's pollution-intensive industries faces huge challenges in the process of industrial transformation and ecological civilization realization. The empirical study, on the basis of China's customs trade database from 2003 to 2016, has figured out that the export scale of China's pollution-intensive industries shows a spatial-temporally unbalanced trend.In terms of export intensity, the export dependence of the central and western regions on the polluting industry is relatively higher. Environmental regulation curbs the export scale of pollution-intensive industries in the short term, but its long-term effect is relatively limited. Cognitively stronger-related industries and more complex products are less likely to be negatively influenced by the pressure of local environmental regulations. Under the guidance of green development, the government needs to dynamically adjust environmental policies and fully considers local-time-sensitive conditions. Enterprises need to consciously promote the upgrading of production technology and product quality, and take more responsibility for environmental protection.
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