从异质性劳动力集聚视角分析地方品质影响城市创新的理论机制,并基于2006—2020年全国284个地级及以上城市数据,系统识别地方品质、异质性劳动力集聚对城市创新的影响。研究发现:人造地方品质对城市创新存在显著的正向影响,且随着经济的不断发展,影响效应逐渐增强。高技能劳动力集聚和普通劳动力集聚是人造地方品质影响城市创新的重要渠道,且由普通劳动力集聚引致的中介效应更强。人造地方品质对城市创新的影响及作用机制存在区域异质性,在中西部城市、高行政等级城市、资源型城市和低自然地方品质城市中,人造地方品质对城市创新的作用效果更强。“拥挤效应”、技能匹配失调、高技能劳动力流向非生产性部门、异质性劳动力感知差异等均是人造地方品质对城市创新作用机制存在异质性的重要原因。
This paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the influence of local quality on urban innovation from the perspective of heterogeneous labor agglomeration, and systematically identifies the influence of local quality and heterogeneous labor agglomeration on urban innovation based on the data of 284 cities above prefecture level in China from 2006 to 2020. It is found that the artificial local quality has a significant positive impact on urban innovation, and with the continuous development of economy, the impact effect is gradually enhanced; High-skilled labor force agglomeration and ordinary labor force agglomeration are both important channels for the artificial local quality to affect urban innovation, and the intermediary effect caused by ordinary labor force agglomeration is stronger; There are regional heterogeneity in the influence and mechanism of artificial local quality on urban innovation. Among the four types of cities, such as the central and western regions, high administrative level, resource-based cities and low natural local quality, artificial local quality has a stronger effect on urban innovation. “Crowding effect”, skill mismatch, the flow of highly skilled labor to unproductive sectors, and the perception difference of heterogeneous labor are all important reasons for the heterogeneity of the mechanism of artificial local quality on urban innovation.
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