基于中国城市碳排放清单,利用可视化方法刻画资源型城市碳排放强度的时序特征与空间特征,并采用变异系数双维分解和QAP分析方法全面考察中国资源型城市碳排放强度空间差异的双维结构及驱动因素。结果显示:首先,资源型城市碳排放强度表现出显著的下降趋势,降碳效果存在“叠加效应”。其中,衰退型资源型城市碳排放强度居于首位,其降幅显著高于其他类型城市,成长型、成熟型和再生型资源型城市碳排放强度依次降低。其次,资源型城市碳排放强度呈现出显著的空间非均衡特征,且这种非均衡性随时间变化而发生动态演变。从区域结构来看,区域内差异是资源型城市碳排放强度差异的主要来源。从碳源结构来看,工业碳排放强度差异是决定总体差异和变化趋势的主要力量。再次,从区域和碳源双维结构来看,成熟型和成长型资源型城市的区域内工业碳排放强度差异先后成为总体差异最显著的贡献来源。最后,产业结构差异、环境规制差异、金融发展差异、土地城市化差异对碳排放强度总体差异的正向影响依次减小,各驱动因素对碳排放强度差异的贡献和影响均存在地区异质性。
Based on the carbon emission inventory of Chinese cities, this paper uses the visualization method to describe the temporal and spatial characteristics of the carbon emission intensity (CEI) in resource-based cities. Additionally, this paper employs the Bi-Dimensional Decomposition of the Variation Coefficient and QAP methods to comprehensively investigate the bi-dimensional structure and driving factors of regional differences in CEI. The results show that: Firstly, the CEI of resource-based cities significantly declined, exhibiting a “cumulative effect” of CEI reduction. Among them, the CEI of declining cities ranks first,but its reduction is significantly higher than that of other cities. The CEI of growing, mature and regenerating cities decreases in turn. Secondly, the CEI of resource-based cities exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, which evolved dynamically over time. From the regional perspective, intra-regional differences were the main source of spatial differences in CEI of resource-based cities. From the carbon source perspective, the spatial differences of industrial CEI were the main driving force behind the overall differences and changing trends. From the bi-dimensional structure of regions and carbon sources, intra-regional differences of industrial CEI in growing and mature cities have gradually become the most significant contributor to overall differences. Finally, the positive effects of differences in industrial structure, environmental regulation, financial development, and land urbanization on CEI differences decreased sequentially. Moreover, the contribution and impact of each driving factor on CEI differences exhibited regional heterogeneity.
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