基于2006—2020年中国271个城市的面板数据,借助双重差分法和合成双重差分法考察全面创新改革试验区政策对城市创新能力的影响及其作用机制,得到以下结论:全面创新改革试验区政策提升了试验区城市创新能力,且随着试验区建设的深入推进,其政策效应不断增强。全面创新改革试验区政策通过发挥政府引导效应、政策集聚效应、人才集聚效应、创新环境优化效应提升城市创新能力。全面创新改革试验区政策的创新效应具有区域异质性,主要体现在上海、武汉、西安、安徽、四川等地区,行业集中在制造业、建筑业、信息传输软件和信息技术服务业以及居民服务修理和其他服务业,政策对不同创新能力城市的影响效应呈现出“U”型特征。
Drawing upon panel data spanning 2006-2020 from 271 cities across China, this study employs difference-in-differences and synthetic difference-in-differences methodologies to investigate the impact of the comprehensive innovation reform pilot zone policy on urban innovation capabilities and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that the implementation of this policy has significantly enhanced the innovation capabilities of cities within the pilot zones, with the policy effects intensifying as the zones continue to develop and mature. Further, the mechanism analysis underscores that the policy boosts urban innovation capabilities through four primary channels: leveraging government guidance, fostering policy agglomeration, attracting talent concentration, and optimizing the innovation ecosystem. The heterogeneity analysis highlights that the innovative effects of the comprehensive innovation reform pilot zone policy are most pronounced in regions such as Shanghai, Wuhan, Xi’an, Anhui, and Sichuan, as well as in industries including manufacturing, construction, information transmission, software, and information technology services, and residential services, repairs, and other services. Additionally, the study observes a “U-shaped” effect in terms of policy impact across cities with varying levels of innovation capabilities, suggesting a nuanced interplay between policy interventions and pre-existing innovation capacities.
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