城市数字产业虚拟集聚是城市数字产业空间组织的新形态。利用数字企业大数据、百度指数以及网商交易指数等多源数据,评估2011―2021年我国284个城市的数字产业虚拟集聚现状,并借助Dagum基尼系数、核密度估计、变异系数法和空间杜宾模型,考察城市数字产业虚拟集聚水平的区域差异、动态演进过程及收敛性。研究发现,全国城市数字产业虚拟集聚水平呈现稳步上升的发展态势,具体表现为东部地区集聚水平最高,中部地区、西部地区依次降低,东北地区最低的空间格局特征。在区域差异方面,东部与西部地区的区域内差异高于中部和东北地区,东部地区与东北地区的区域间差异最大,西部地区与东北地区的区域间差异最小,区域间差异是城市数字产业虚拟集聚总体差异的主要来源。全国及四大区域城市数字产业虚拟集聚的空间极化现象并不突出,核密度分布曲线右移,存在右拖尾特征。全国、东部地区、西部地区及东北地区整体上具有α收敛特征,中部地区不存在α收敛特征,而空间绝对β收敛和空间条件β收敛均在全国及四大区域有所体现,并且在考虑空间条件β收敛后,收敛速度进一步加快。研究结论可为决策部门优化数字产业政策提供借鉴与参考。
Urban virtual agglomeration of digital industry is a new form of spatial organization of digital industry. This paper evaluates the current status of virtual agglomeration of digital industries in 284 cities from 2011 to 2021 using multi-source data such as digital enterprise big data, Baidu index, and online business transaction index, and examines the regional differences, dynamic evolution, and convergence of virtual agglomeration of digital industries with the help of Dagum’s Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, the coefficient of variation method, and the spatial Durbin model. The study found that:First, the level of virtual agglomeration of digital industries in the country shows a steady increase in the development trend. Specifically,the concentration level is the highest in the eastern region,and decreases in the central and western regions. Second, in terms of regional differences, the intra-regional differences in the East and West are higher than the intra-regional differences in the Central and Northeast, and the inter-regional differences between the East and the Northeast are the largest, while those between the West and the Northeast are the smallest. The inter-regional differences are the main source of the overall differences in the virtual agglomeration of digital industries. Thirdly, the spatial polarisation of the virtual agglomeration of digital industries in the country and the four major regions is not prominent, and the distribution curve is shifted to the right, with a right-dragging tail. Fourthly, the country, the east, the west, and the northeast as a whole have the characteristic of α-convergence, and the central region does not have the characteristic of α-convergence, and the absolute spatial β-convergence and the spatial conditional β-convergence are both manifested in the country and the four major regions, and the convergence of β-convergence is not significant in the four major regions, and after considering the spatial conditional β-convergence is accelerated after considering spatial conditional β-convergence.
[1] 柴泽阳,陈宇科,孔令丞.虚拟集聚能否助推城市经济绿色发展?[J].产业经济研究,2024(3):74-87
[2] 周海川,刘帅,孟山月.打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群[J].宏观经济管理,2023(7):27-32,48
[3] 魏江.数字产业组织之体系逻辑重构[J].中国软科学,2023(9):22-29
[4] 易兆强,吴利华.数字产业融合中美比较研究:动力、路径和效果[J].科学学研究,2024(5):940-951
[5] 刘耀彬,邓伟凤,李硕硕,等.数字产业集聚对减污降碳协同的影响——以长江经济带为例[J].资源科学,2024(4):744-760
[6] Brown D H, Lockett N J. Engaging SMEs in e-commerce: The role of intermediaries within eClusters[J]. Electronic Markets, 2001(1): 52-58
[7] 汪明峰,卢姗,邱娟.网上购物对城市零售业空间的影响:以书店为例[J].经济地理,2010(11):1835-1840,1896
[8] 李骏阳,井涛.虚拟国际贸易平台的形成与创新——基于阿里巴巴的案例分析[J].上海大学学报(社会科学版),2013(4):58-69
[9] 王如玉,梁琦,李广乾.虚拟集聚:新一代信息技术与实体经济深度融合的空间组织新形态[J].管理世界,2018(2):13-21
[10] 田霖,张仕杰.我国虚拟集聚水平测度、空间差异与收敛性研究[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2023(7):75-97
[11] 李敬波,张立岩.论区域农业虚拟产业集群的信息管理[J].学术交流,2012(7):69-72
[12] 杜漪,徐超,吴建祖.探索我国动漫产业虚拟集群的构建框架[J].科技管理研究,2009(2):168-170
[13] 黄蕊,赵子辛.文化产业虚拟集群对我国省域网络文化软实力的影响[J].经济问题,2024(5):106-114
[14] 焦豪,马高雅,张文彬.数字产业集群:源起、内涵特征与研究框架[J].产业经济评论,2024(2):72-9
[15] 陈斌,何思思.数字经济时代的虚拟集聚与制造业技术创新——来自我国城市群的经验证据[J].南方经济,2023(8):72-92
[16] 赵春明,班元浩,李宏兵,等.虚拟集聚能否促进城市出口产品质量升级[J].经济管理,2022(7):23-41
[17] 黄蕊.我国文化产业虚拟集聚与地理集聚的差异——基于59306家文化企业数据的比较研究[J].山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2023(2):131-140
[18] 杨勇,眭霞芸,刘震.中国省际虚拟旅游流网络结构的空间演变特征研究[J].地理科学进展,2022(8):1349-1363
[19] 王媛玉.虚拟集聚与地理集聚互动下的城市群空间重构——机制探索与实证分析[J].经济问题探索,2023(12):143-159
[20] Wang X, Diao Y, Han D. Does digital industry agglomeration bring substantive green innovation?—Empirical analysis of SPDM and PTR models based on spatiotemporal dual fixation[J]. Managerial and Decision Economics, 2024(3): 1379-1394
[21] 孙娜,陶克涛,杨世伟,等.中国数字产业集聚水平的演变特征与提升策略[J].区域经济评论,2024(1):31-42
[22] Liu H, Shi Y, Sun B, et al. Agglomeration of the digital services industry and digital transformation: Evidence from China[J]. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 2024(5): 855-869
[23] Porter M E. Industry structure and competitive strategy: Keys to profitability[J]. Financial Analysts Journal, 1980(4): 30-41
[24] Kayley P. Interpersonal relationships as key drivers of cluster performance[C] //European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Academic Conferences International Limited, 2017: 362-367
[25] 王定祥,李雪萍,李伶俐.打造有国际竞争力的数字产业集群[J].上海经济研究,2024(3):59-72
[26] 杨洋,徐承红,薛蕾,等.高铁建设与城市数字产业发展——基于信息服务企业进入的证据[J].产业经济研究,2022(5):42-55
[27] 洪俊杰,李研,杨曦.数字经济与收入差距:数字经济核心产业的视角[J].经济研究,2024(5):116-131
[28] 宋培,白雪洁,李琳,等.数字产业创新对产业结构现代化的影响研究[J].科学学研究,2024(1):170-182
[29] 郭峰,王靖一,王芳,等.测度中国数字普惠金融发展:指数编制与空间特征[J].经济学(季刊),2020(4):1401-1418
[30] 姜扬.数字经济如何促进创业发展——基于宏观和微观的双重视角[J].经济管理,2024(4):66-79
[31] 王林辉,周慧琳,徐超.工业智能化、地理空间产业集聚和数字空间虚拟集聚[J].东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版),2024(6):1-12
[32] 李磊,马欢.从“生产回岸”谈“稳外资”——基于发达国家机器人使用驱动的分析[J].管理世界,2023(10):41-59
[33] 殷紫燕,黄安民.虚拟旅游网络关注度时空特征及其影响因素[J/OL].世界地理研究,1-14[2024-11-15].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/31.1626.P.20240409.1737.004.html.
[34] 初楠臣,吴相利,张平宇,等.基于现实与虚拟流视角下的东北地区城市空间网络特征[J].经济地理,2022(5):66-74
[35] 黄晓东,杜德斌,刘承良.全球跨境并购网络的空间格局演化及形成机制[J].地理学报,2021(10):2536-2550
[36] Dagum C. A New Approach to the Decomposition of the Gini Income Inequality Ratio[M]. Physica-Verlag HD, 1998
[37] 李影.中国城市数字技术创新水平的时空演变特征及趋势预测[J].地理研究,2024(3):640-657
[38] 封亦代,刘耀彬,程风雨.中国城市绿色全要素能源效率的区域差异及空间收敛[J].地理研究,2023(9):2343-2368
[39] 张可云,庄宗武,韩峰.国内超大规模市场、人工智能应用与制造业出口产品质量升级[J].经济纵横,2022(7):1-12,137
