激发市场主体活力是构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展的关键路径。运用双重差分模型对2005—2021年全国工商登记注册数据进行分析,考察创新型产业集群政策对城市高科技行业和非高科技行业新企业进入的影响及其机制。研究发现,创新型产业集群政策显著促进了高科技行业与非高科技行业新企业进入。机制分析表明,该政策通过降低制度性进入成本以及创新性和一般性要素进入成本推动高科技行业新企业进入,也通过降低一般性要素进入成本对非高科技行业新企业进入产生正向带动效应。异质性分析显示,政策效果在高新技术产业基础较强和营商环境较优的地区更为显著,凸显了政策效果对要素禀赋与制度环境的依赖性。基于研究结论提出政策建议,以期为促进创新政策在多样化经济体中的均衡发展、释放最大化效益提供理论参考与实践借鉴。
Stimulating the vitality of market entities is a key pathway to building a new development pattern and advancing high-quality growth. Using a difference-in-differences model and nationwide business registration data from 2005 to 2021, this paper examines the impact of the Innovative Industry Clusters Policy on new firm entry in both high-tech and non-high-tech industries, as well as its underlying mechanisms. The results show that the policy significantly promotes new firm entry across both sectors. Mechanism analysis reveals that the policy encourages high-tech firm entry by reducing institutional entry barriers, as well as innovation-specific and general factor entry costs. For non-high-tech industries, the positive effect mainly arises through the reduction of general factor entry costs. Further heterogeneity analysis indicates that policy effects are more pronounced in regions with a stronger high-tech industrial base and a more favorable business environment, underscoring the importance of factor endowments and institutional conditions in shaping policy outcomes.Based on these findings, the paper offers policy recommendations aimed at supporting more balanced development and maximizing the benefits of innovation policy across diverse economic contexts.
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