基于2005—2019年中国218个地级市的面板数据,对智慧城市试点政策开展准自然实验,运用多期双重差分模型并引入TOE框架,检验智慧城市试点政策对绿色创新的影响及其内在机制,进一步探讨试点政策对绿色创新的空间溢出效应。研究发现:智慧城市试点政策显著促进了城市绿色创新,且位于东部地区、行政等级较低的智慧城市对绿色创新的促进作用相对明显;可替代性能源生产、交通、废弃物管理、能源节约领域的绿色创新受智慧城市试点政策的作用效果更突出。智慧城市试点政策通过强化信息化水平、实现人力资本结构高级化和提高政府环境治理能力促进城市绿色创新。智慧城市试点政策具有空间溢出效应,对本地城市和邻近城市的绿色创新均会产生积极影响。
Based on the panel data of 218 prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2019, this paper conducts a quasi-natural experiment with smart city pilot policies by using a multi-period differential model and introducing TOE framework to test the impact of smart city pilot policies on green innovation and its internal mechanism, and further discusses the spatial spillover effect of pilot policies on green innovation, the conclusions are as follows. Firstly, smart city pilots significantly promoted urban green innovation, and smart cities located in the eastern region and the lower administrative levels have a more significant role in promoting urban green innovation. The green innovation in the fields of alternative energy production, transportation, waste management, and energy conservation is relatively prominently affected by the smart city pilot policy. Secondly, smart city pilots promote urban green innovation by strengthening the level of informatization, realizing the advanced human capital structure and improving the government’s environmental governance capabilities. Finally, smart city pilot policies have spatial spillover effects that can positively impact green innovation in both local and neighboring cities.
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