推动能源转型是加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的重点任务。创新是推动能源高质量发展的内在要求,也是实现能源转型的重要着力点。利用中国282个主要城市数据,以国家创新型城市试点政策为准自然实验,使用交叠双重差分方法探讨创新驱动政策对能源转型的影响及作用机制。研究发现,国家创新型城市试点政策促进了城市能源转型,并通过降低城市能源消费强度促进绿色消费,通过引导创新投产方向提高绿色创新,通过优化行业组成促进绿色就业,以此实现城市能源转型。同时,国家创新型城市建设推动能源转型的政策效果在非资源型城市、科研支出占比高的城市、工业产值规模较小及可再生能源缺乏的城市中产生的边际效应更大。能源转型能够改善城市环境污染,降低工业“三废”排放量。研究结论有助于理解创新在推动城市能源转型中发挥的重要作用,可为城市以创新推动能源转型提供政策启示。
Advancing energy transition is a key task for accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. Innovation is both an intrinsic requirement for promoting high-quality energy development and a crucial focal point for achieving energy transition. Using data from 282 major Chinese cities and treating the national innovative city pilot policy as a quasi-experiment, this study employs an overlapping difference-in-differences approach to examine the impact and mechanism of innovation-driven policies on energy transition. Findings reveal that the national innovative city policy has facilitated urban energy transition. Specifically, this policy achieves energy transition through mechanisms such as promoting green consumption by reducing urban energy intensity, enhancing green innovation by guiding innovation investment directions, and fostering green employment by optimizing industrial composition. Furthermore, the policy’s impact on energy transition yields greater marginal effects in non-resource-based cities, cities with high R&D expenditure ratios, cities with smaller industrial output scales, and cities lacking renewable energy resources. Additionally, energy transition improves urban environmental pollution and reduces industrial waste discharge. The findings not only deepen understanding of innovation’s pivotal role in driving urban energy transition but also offer policy insights for cities seeking to leverage innovation in advancing energy transformation.
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