A high-quality ecological environment has become an important goal of pollution reduction and emission reduction in the context of high-quality development. Based on the panel data of 286 cities in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper empirically tests the impact of ecological space scale and structure on improving air quality using ordinary panel models and spatial panel models. The study shows that the higher the ratio of urban ecological space to construction space, blue-green space to construction space, and blue-green space to urban space area, the more obvious the inhibitory effect on PM2.5 concentration. The increase in the ratio of ecological space to construction space, and blue-green space to construction space has a more pronounced inhibitory effect in non-heating areas. The increase in the ratio of ecological space to construction space in high-pressure cities has the greatest negative impact on PM2.5 concentration, followed by the relevant impact in C-level pressure cities, and the relevant impact in E-level pressure cities is not significant. The impact of the scale and structure of urban ecological space on urban air pollution control is influenced by strong spatial spillover effects. Based on this, we should optimize the scale and structure of urban ecological space, maintain urban ecological balance, strengthen the awareness of win-win cooperation in pollution prevention and control, and improve the level of collaborative governance of air pollution.
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