The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has clarified the strategic orientation, objectives, and tasks for the national economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, providing a strategic guide for China’s socio-economic development over the next five years. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is characterized by the coexistence of strategic opportunities and risk challenges, marking a critical phase for securing decisive progress in basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035. From a historical perspective, the civilizational paradigm has entered a new stage, the industrial revolution has ushered in a new era, and the shift of the global center for science and education is exhibiting new trends. In terms of development trends, China’s economy has transitioned into a stage of high-quality development, while its demographic trajectory has shifted to negative growth and urbanization is approaching a plateau of stability. From a strategic stage perspective, governance philosophy is shifting toward a people-centered approach, development models are transitioning toward qualitative improvement of existing assets, and relational structures are evolving toward urban-rural integration. In this context, accelerating the establishment of a new development pattern requires coordinated efforts in cultivating new drivers, unleashing new potentials, shaping new advantages, optimizing new layouts, and exploring new models. Specifically, it is essential to lead the development of new-quality productive forces with scientific and technological innovation, unleash domestic demand potential through a robust domestic market, strengthen the foundation for national rejuvenation with a modern industrial system, optimize urban spatial patterns through connotative development, and transform development models through deepened reforms, thereby continuously breaking new ground in the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.