The impact of public environmental concern on urban green development:Evidences from Baidu search index
Based on the panel data of 266 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2023, this study empirically examines the impact of public environmental concern on urban Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) and its mechanism of action. The findings indicate that public environmental concern significantly promotes the improvement of urban GTFP: for each 1-unit increase in attention, GTFP increases by an average of 0.082 units. This conclusion remains valid after robustness tests such as replacing the explained variable and the core explanatory variable. Mechanism tests show that public environmental concern can improve urban GTFP by strengthening the intensity of local government environmental regulation, increasing local environmental protection expenditure, and promoting regional green innovation. Furthermore, there is a threshold in the transmission of the mechanism of action of public environmental concern—only when public environmental concern exceeds a specific threshold can the mechanism variables give full play to their role in promoting urban GTFP. Mediation effect analysis reveals that the mechanism of action has a chain transmission effect. In addition, the promoting effect of public environmental concern on urban GTFP exhibits significant heterogeneity at the regional and urban characteristic levels. Further analysis shows that the impact of public environmental concern on urban GTFP has long-term benefits and a positive U-shaped nonlinear relationship, with limited spatial effects. The research results provide a reference for promoting urban green and sustainable development.
XU Sheng-yan , CHEN Kun , SU Xiao . The impact of public environmental concern on urban green development:Evidences from Baidu search index[J]. Urban Problems, 2026 , 366(1) : 4 -18 . DOI: 10.13239/j.bjsshkxy.cswt.260101
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