城市住房问题关系民生福祉,影响居民身心健康和社会稳定,解决住房问题是住房政策的重要目标。在界定中国城市住房问题和构建测度指标体系基础上,根据2000年、2010年和2020年人口普查统计数据测度了我国城市住房问题的特征。研究发现,我国城市住房问题发生了动态变化,存在明显的空间差异,这种差异在大城市和沿海城市比较突出;城市住房问题具有社会群体的相对集中性,经济发展有效改善了住房问题。最后,分别从国家与城市层面提出促进大中小城市均衡发展等破解住房问题的政策建议。
Urban housing problems are related to people’s livelihood and affect residents’ physical and mental health and social stability. Solving the housing problem is an important goal of housing policy. This paper establishes the definition and measurement index system of housing problems in urban China with the 2000, 2010 and 2020 census and other statistical data, and finds that urban housing problems have undergone dynamic changes and obvious spatial variations, which are more prominent in large cities and coastal cities; some social group are concentrated. Economic and social development has lessen the housing problems. Policies are recommended to promote the relatively balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities at the national level, and to solve the outstanding housing problems at the urban level.
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