基于2014—2018年流动人口动态监测数据和地级市环境规制数据,考察了环境规制对城市农业流动人口收入的影响。实证结果表明,环境规制强度对城市农业流动人口的平均收入具有显著影响,环境规制强度每增加一个单位,其平均收入下降约8%。该结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析表明,环境规制对城市农业流动人口收入的负面效应在东西部地区、污染行业和低技能劳动力中更加显著。机制分析表明,环境规制通过降低城市农业流动人口的劳动时长和劳动生产率,对其收入产生负面影响。考虑到不同收入水平城市农业流动人口受到环境规制的影响不同,使用分组工具变量分位数回归方法进一步分析了环境规制对其收入分布的影响,环境规制显著降低了中间收入水平的城市农业流动人口的平均收入,而提高了收入位于最高分位数上的城市农业流动人口的平均收入。
Based on China migrants dynamic survey from 2014 to 2018 and the environmental regulation data at the prefecture-level city level, we examine the impact of environmental regulation on the incomes of the urban agricultural migrants. The empirical results show that environmental regulatory stringency significantly reduces the average income of the urban agricultural migrants. When environmental regulatory stringency increases by 1 unit, the incomes of the urban agricultural migrants decrease by about 8%. Based on the results of a series of robustness tests, the reliability of the conclusion is further confirmed. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the negative effect of environmental regulation on the incomes of urban agricultural migrants is more obvious in east and west region, polluting industries and low-skilled labor. Mechanism analysis shows that environmental regulation has a negative impact on the income of urban agricultural migrants by reducing their working hours and productivity. Considering that the urban agricultural migrants with different income levels is affected differently by environmental regulation, the grouped iv quantile regression method is used to further analyze the impact of environmental regulation on the income distribution of the urban agricultural migrants. Environmental regulation reduces the average incomes of the middle-income urban agricultural migrants and increases the average incomes of the highest income quintiles of urban agricultural migrants.
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