高品质的生态环境已成为高质量发展背景下降污减排的重要目标。基于2005—2020年我国286个城市的面板数据,运用普通面板模型和空间面板模型实证检验生态空间规模与结构对改善空气质量的影响效果。研究显示:城市生态空间与建设空间、蓝绿空间与建设空间、蓝绿空间与城市空间面积的比值越高,对空气中PM2.5浓度的抑制效应越明显。生态空间与建设空间、蓝绿空间与建设空间之比的增加在非供暖区城市的抑制效应更明显。高压力型城市的生态空间与建设空间比值的增加对PM2.5浓度的负向影响效果最大,C级压力型城市的相关影响次之,E级压力型城市的相关影响不显著。城市生态空间规模与结构对城市空气污染治理的作用受较强的空间溢出效应的影响。鉴于此,应优化城市生态空间规模与结构,维护城市生态平衡,强化污染防治合作共赢意识,提升空气污染协同治理水平。
A high-quality ecological environment has become an important goal of pollution reduction and emission reduction in the context of high-quality development. Based on the panel data of 286 cities in China from 2005 to 2020, this paper empirically tests the impact of ecological space scale and structure on improving air quality using ordinary panel models and spatial panel models. The study shows that the higher the ratio of urban ecological space to construction space, blue-green space to construction space, and blue-green space to urban space area, the more obvious the inhibitory effect on PM2.5 concentration. The increase in the ratio of ecological space to construction space, and blue-green space to construction space has a more pronounced inhibitory effect in non-heating areas. The increase in the ratio of ecological space to construction space in high-pressure cities has the greatest negative impact on PM2.5 concentration, followed by the relevant impact in C-level pressure cities, and the relevant impact in E-level pressure cities is not significant. The impact of the scale and structure of urban ecological space on urban air pollution control is influenced by strong spatial spillover effects. Based on this, we should optimize the scale and structure of urban ecological space, maintain urban ecological balance, strengthen the awareness of win-win cooperation in pollution prevention and control, and improve the level of collaborative governance of air pollution.
[1] 韩杨.中国耕地保护利用政策演进、愿景目标与实现路径[J].管理世界,2022(11):121-131
[2] 袁弘,袁源,祁帆,等.基于试点经验的一般生态空间认知及其用途管制框架初探[J].中国土地科学,2022(5):31-39
[3] 袁晓玲,李朝鹏,方恺.中国城镇化进程中的空气污染研究回顾与展望[J].经济学动态,2019(5):88-103
[4] 滕堂伟,谌丹华,胡森林.黄河流域空气污染的空间格局演化及影响因素[J].地理科学,2021(10):1852-1861
[5] 李光勤,秦佳虹,何仁伟.中国大气PM2.5污染演变及其影响因素[J].经济地理,2018(8):11-18
[6] 杨艳,刘子菁.空气污染对劳动供给与人力资本效能发挥的影响及路径[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2021(11):68-77
[7] 李倩,陈晓光,郭士祺,等.大气污染协同治理的理论机制与经验证据[J].经济研究,2022(2):142-157
[8] 李小飞,张明军,王圣杰,等.中国空气污染指数变化特征及影响因素分析[J].环境科学,2012(6):1936-1943
[9] Li L,Qian J,Ou C,et al. Spatial and temporal analysis of air pollution index and its timescale-dependent relationship with meteorological factors in Guangzhou,China,2001-2011[J].Environmental Pollution,2014,190:75-81
[10] 邵帅,李欣,曹建华,等.中国雾霾污染治理的经济政策选择——基于空间溢出效应的视角[J].经济研究,2016(9):73-88
[11] 赵峰,冯吉光,白佳飞.产业转移与大气污染:空间扩散与治理[J].财经科学,2020(12):83-95
[12] 程开明,洪真奕.城市人口规模、就业密度与生产性空气污染排放——双重倒“U”型关系的解析与检验[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2023(7):117-132
[13] 李建明,罗能生.高铁开通改善了城市空气污染水平吗?[J].经济学(季刊),2020(4):1335-1354
[14] 陈霄,毛霞,曹伟.环境信息公开、外商直接投资与城市空气污染——来自环境空气质量信息实时公开的证据[J].统计研究,2023(6):77-90
[15] 吴健,杨子涵,胡蕾.城市生态空间PM2.5削减效益研究——以北京市为例[J].中国环境科学,2021(10):4916-4925
[16] Chen Y F,Xu Y,Wang F Y,et al. Mapping the emission of air pollution sources based on land-use classification:A case study of Shengzhou,China[J].Land Use Policy, 2022(117):106083
[17] 余泳泽,宋晨晨,容开建.土地资源错配与环境污染[J].财经问题研究,2018(9):43-51
[18] Xu Z,Niu L,Zhang Z F,et al. The impacts of land supply on PM2.5 concentration: Evidence from 292 cities in China from 2009 to 2017[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2022(347):131251
[19] 杨婉莹,刘艳芳,刘耀林,等.基于LUR模型探究城市景观格局对PM2.5浓度的影响——以长株潭城市群为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2019(9):2251-2261
[20] 唐昀凯,刘胜华.城市土地利用类型与PM2.5浓度相关性研究——以武汉市为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015(9):1458-1463
[21] 陶玮,刘峻峰,陶澍.城市化过程中下垫面改变对大气环境的影响[J].热带地理,2014(3):283-292
[22] Mesut D,Bayram K.A preliminary assessment of the water and air quality parameters in and around the Lake Yenicaga Coast[J].Journal of the Black Sea Mediterranean Environment,2010(2):167-194
[23] 张晓琳,金晓斌,范业婷,等.1995-2015年江苏省土地利用功能转型特征及其协调性分析[J].自然资源学报,2019(4):689-706
[24] Querol X,Alastuey A,Pandolfi M,et al.2001-2012 Trends on air quality in Spain[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,490:957-969
[25] 潘骁骏,侯伟,蒋锦刚.杭州城区土地利用类型对PM2.5浓度影响分析[J].测绘科学,2017(10):110-117
[26] 党雪薇,周亮,胡凤宁,等.关中平原城市群扩张对生态用地的多尺度影响[J].生态学报,2022(7):3020-3032
[27] 习近平.在中央城镇化工作会议上的讲话[M]∥中共中央文献研究室.十八大以来重要文献选编(上).北京:中央文献出版社,2014:602
[28] Norton B A,Coutts A M,Livesley S J,et al.Planning for cooler cities:A framework to priorities green infrastructure to mitigate high temperatures in urban landscapes[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,134:127-138
[29] 韩国高,陈庭富.互联网发展对城市空气污染影响的机理与效应研究.财经问题研究,2022(9):36-46
[30] 宋平凡,朱振辉,周志翔,等.空气污染、风险感知与健康保险需求[J].经济评论,2022(6):150-166
[31] 江曼琦,田伟腾.中国城市生态空间演进特征与优化研究[J].城市发展研究,2024(2):115-122
[32] 黄铎,易芳蓉,汪思哲,等.国土空间规划中蓝绿空间模式与指标体系研究[J].城市规划,2022(1):18-31
[33] 张建鹏,陈诗一.金融发展、环境规制与经济绿色转型[J].财经研究,2021(11):78-93
[34] 花丛,张恒德,张碧辉.2013—2014冬半年北京重污染天气气象传输条件分析及预报指数初建[J].气象,2016(3):314-321
[35] Elhorst J P. Matlab software for spatial panels[J].International Regional Science Review, 2014 (3):389-405
[36] 熊昌盛,张永蕾,王雅娟,等.中国耕地多功能评价及分区管控[J].中国土地科学,2021(10):104-114
[37] 陈强,孙丰凯,徐艳娴.冬季供暖导致雾霾?来自华北城市面板的证据[J].南开经济研究,2017(4):25-40
[38] 张舒,阙粼婧,王莹,等.2014—2017年哈尔滨地区供暖前与供暖期空气污染特征分析[J].气象与环境学报,2022(6):81-88
[39] James L S, Pace R. The biggest myth in spatial econometrics[J].Econometrics,2014(4):217-249
