This paper is based on the national marine park construction as a quasi-natural experiment, utilizing panel data from 51 coastal cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2004 to 2023. It employs a multi-period difference-in-difference approach to analyze the impact of national marine park construction on the tourism industry in coastal cities. The study finds that the construction of national marine parks significantly promotes the development of the tourism industry in coastal cities. This conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests, including parallel trend tests, placebo tests, tests for other policy interference, PSM-DID tests, excluding municipalities from the sample, tailing retraction test, and changing the sample time. The policy effects are more pronounced in cities with high endowments of tourism resources, advanced tourism development levels, high government environmental concerns, and strong clan cultural intensity. The construction of national marine parks primarily drives the development of the tourism industry in coastal cities by improving ecological environment quality, increasing tourism service supply, and promoting industrial structural adjustments. Therefore, coastal cities should fully seize the opportunity presented by the construction of national marine parks, implement differentiated strategies to amplify the marginal effects of this construction, and continuously release the effectiveness of national marine parks in promoting marine tourism development through the synergistic interaction of the ‘ecology-service-industry’ chain, making the tourism industry in coastal cities a key force driving the high-quality development of the marine economy.
[1] 张卓群,冯潇,孙念新. 创新发展政策对沿海城市海洋经济韧性的影响研究——来自海洋经济创新发展示范城市的证据[J]. 城市问题, 2024 (10): 27-36
[2] Qiang M, Shen M, Xie H. Loss of tourism revenue induced by coastal environmental pollution:A length-of-stay perspective[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2020(4): 550-567
[3] 杨振姣,张寒,牛解放,等.基于国内外实践经验的国家级海洋公园建设研析[J].环境保护,2022(7):59-63
[4] 刘澈.文化创意视角的海洋文化旅游可持续发展[J].社会科学家,2021(11):67-71
[5] 张广海,刘二恋.为海洋赋能:海洋旅游健康发展内涵与路径[J].旅游学刊,2023(12):11-13
[6] Buckley R. Sustainable tourism: Research and reality[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2012(2): 528-546
[7] Albalate D, Bel G, Fageda X. Competition and cooperation between high-speed rail and air transportation services in Europe[J]. Journal of Transport Geography, 2015, 42: 166-174
[8] Poria Y, Reichel A, Biran A. Heritage site management: Motivations and expectations[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2006(1): 162-178
[9] 刘佳,卢子娴,赵青华,等.多层级视角下海洋旅游业高质量发展的影响因素及提升路径研究——基于面板数据的动态QCA模型[J/OL].旅游科学,1-22[2025-09-12].https://doi.org/10.16323/j.cnki.lykx.20250515.001
[10] Balmford A, Bruner A, Cooper P, et al. Economic reasons for conserving wild nature[J]. science, 2002(5583): 950-953
[11] Thur S M. User fees as sustainable financing mechanisms for marine protected areas: An application to the Bonaire National Marine Park[J]. Marine Policy, 2010(1): 63-69
[12] Ban N C, Gurney G G, Marshall N A, et al. Well-being outcomes of marine protected areas[J]. Nature Sustainability, 2019(6): 524-532
[13] Agardy T, Bridgewater P, Crosby M P, et al. Dangerous targets? Unresolved issues and ideological clashes around marine protected areas[J]. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 2003(4): 353-367
[14] 王恒,李悦铮.国家海洋公园的概念、特征及建设意义[J].世界地理研究,2012(3):144-151
[15] 蒋小翼.关于建立国家海洋公园的法律建议[J].中国软科学,2019(4):11-19
[16] 王国栋,陈志伟,朱炯,等. 国家级海洋公园灾害风险评估研究进展[J]. 灾害学, 2020(3): 137-143
[17] 王恒.国家海洋公园生态保护与旅游开发协调发展研究——以大连长山群岛为例[J].资源开发与市场,2013(2):212-214,219
[18] 李京梅,丁中贤,许婉婷,等.基于双边界二分式CVM的国家公园门票定价研究——以胶州湾国家海洋公园为例[J].资源科学,2020(2):232-241
[19] Yacob M R. Economic Valuation of Marine Parks Ecotourism Malaysia: The Case of Redang Island Marine Park[M]. Serdang, Selangor: Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, 2008
[20] Ewart M, Scherrer P, Dimmock K. Managing commercial tourism for conservation and sustainable use: Policy instrument interactions in cape byron marine park, Australia[J]. Marine Policy, 2024, 166: 106233
[21] 丁金胜.生态文明建设背景下的国家海洋公园建设现状及对策——以青岛国家级海洋公园为例[J].海洋湖沼通报,2021(3):167-172
[22] 杨竞争,包若绮,焦海峰,等.浙江渔山列岛国家级海洋特别保护区(海洋公园)保护与开发现状及管理策略分析[J].海洋开发与管理,2016(9):86-89
[23] 刘佳,张静,申明哲,等.境之所至,心之所向:恢复性环境感知视角下海洋康养旅游产品的游客选择偏好研究[J].南开管理评论,2025(9):136-146,183
[24] Balmford A, Gravestock P, Hockley N, et al. The worldwide costs of marine protected areas[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2004(26): 9694-9697
[25] Masud M M, Aldakhil A M, Nassani A A, et al. Community-based ecotourism management for sustainable development of marine protected areas in Malaysia[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2017, 136: 104-112
[26] 张广海,王佳.我国旅游资源竞争力综合评价及其开发类型研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版),2013(2):43-50
[27] 胡森林,焦世泰,张晓奇.中国城市旅游发展的时空演化及影响因素——基于动态空间马尔科夫链模型的分析[J].自然资源学报,2021(4):854-865
[28] 王娟,孙玉浩,魏荣杰. 政府注意力配置对旅游经济高质量发展的影响机理与优化策略[J]. 旅游学刊, 2025(4): 18-31
[29] 黄洁琼.客家宗族文化资源在旅游产业中的利用策略[J].南方论刊,2024(11):32-33,40
[30] 廖倩倩,程叶青,费雪艳,等. 基于游客感知的滨海旅游吸引力研究——以三亚市为例[J]. 旅游科学, 2024(12): 93-110
[31] 张自强,何婕,陈海菁.城市低碳转型提高了旅游生态效率吗?——基于低碳城市试点政策的准自然实验[J].华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2024(4):33-49
[32] 赵磊,唐承财.产业结构变迁、旅游业与经济增长——来自中国的经验证据[J].资源科学,2017(10):1918-1929
[33] 江艇.因果推断经验研究中的中介效应与调节效应[J].中国工业经济,2022(5):100-120
[34] 王凯,邹楠,甘畅,等.区域一体化政策能否促进城市旅游发展？——基于长江经济带的实证检验[J].旅游科学,2023(2):40-59
[35] 郑鹏,刘壮,王洁洁,等.“因商而游”亦或“寻文而至”？——“一带一路”倡议与中国入境旅游业[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2023(3):181-193
[36] 游茂林,王佳琳.体旅融合视域下创建国家体育旅游示范基地对当地市域旅游经济的影响与启示[J].天津体育学院学报,2024(3):309-317
[37] 温永林,张阿城,王巧.低碳城市建设与旅游业发展——来自中国城市的经验证据[J].旅游科学,2024(1):101-119
[38] 张应武,郑雪梅.过境免签政策的入境旅游效应及其内在机制——以中国57个主要旅游城市为例[J].旅游学刊,2023(8):134-147
[39] 李超,冯嘉良,普友少. 撤县设区改革对房地产市场的影响[J]. 经济与管理, 2025(3): 38-50
[40] 高亚佳,黄裕洪.“一带一路”倡议对中国沿线城市旅游经济发展的影响效应——基于双重差分模型的实证分析[J].华东经济管理,2025(1):31-40
[41] 徐鲲,王英,唐雲.国家全域旅游示范区创建的旅游经济效应研究——来自地级市准自然实验的数据[J].重庆大学学报(社会科学版),2021(4):216-230
[42] 张卓群,姚鸣奇,郑艳. 气候适应型城市建设试点政策对城市韧性的影响[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2024(4): 1-12
[43] 袁天荣,张佩雯,刘瑞. 数据要素共享与新质生产力——基于有效市场和有为政府的机制分析[J]. 经济与管理, 2025(2): 1-11
[44] Goodman-Bacon A. Difference-in-differences with variation in treatment timing[J]. Journal of Econometrics, 2021(2): 254-277
[45] Sun L, Abraham S. Estimating dynamic treatment effects in event studies with heterogeneous treatment effects[J]. Journal of Econometrics, 2021(2): 175-199
[46] 刘瑞明,毛宇,亢延锟.制度松绑、市场活力激发与旅游经济发展——来自中国文化体制改革的证据[J].经济研究,2020(1):115-131
[47] 陈诗一,陈登科.雾霾污染、政府治理与经济高质量发展[J].经济研究,2018(2):20-34
[48] 潘越,宁博,纪翔阁,等.民营资本的宗族烙印:来自融资约束视角的证据[J].经济研究,2019(7):94-110
[49] Behrenfeld M J, Westberry T K, Boss E S, et al. Satellite-detected fluorescence reveals global physiology of ocean phytoplankton[J]. Biogeosciences, 2009(5): 779-794
[50] Al-Ababneh M. Service quality and its impact on tourist satisfaction[J]. Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research, 2013, 164
[51] 田学斌,李玉姣. 数字金融赋能京津冀产业结构升级:内在机制与实证检验[J]. 经济与管理, 2024(6): 1-8
[52] 于冰蕾,张卓群. 澳大利亚大堡礁海洋公园制度建设及对中国的启示——基于《大堡礁2050长期可持续发展计划》的分析[J]. 环境保护, 2024(Z5): 87-93
[53] 张卓群,姚倩儿. 我国海洋经济发展态势及“十五五”时期高质量发展对策研究[J]. 环境保护, 2025(9): 19-24
[54] 单菁菁,杨丰玮,王旭阳. 粤港澳大湾区—东盟蓝色经济合作研究——基于空间关联分析的视角[J]. 城市问题, 2024(10): 17-26
