基于2016—2024年我国上市公司在北京发布的招聘岗位面板数据,分析上市公司人工智能技术发展水平对北京地区招聘岗位数量的影响。研究表明,人工智能水平的提升显著增加了企业在北京地区的招聘数量。机制检验表明,人工智能发展通过规模扩张和新任务创造两个途径显著促进了企业在北京地区招聘数量的增长。异质性检验结果表明,人工智能发展水平对北京地区招聘数量的促进作用在制造业企业、注册地位于东部地区的企业以及非国有企业中更为显著。进一步分析发现,企业人工智能发展显著提高了员工的平均薪酬水平,但未对企业内部薪酬差异产生显著影响。据此提出加强国家人工智能人才战略部署、实施差异化产业智能化发展策略等建议,为探讨人工智能助力高质量就业的实现模式、发挥北京示范引领作用提供参考。
Based on Beijing recruitment panel data of listed companies from 2016 to 2024, this study analyses the impact of listed companies’ level of artificial intelligence (AI) development on the number of job openings in Beijing. The results indicate that an increase in the level of AI development significantly boosts companies’ hiring volume in Beijing. Mechanism tests show that companies’ AI development significantly promotes the growth of job openings in Beijing through two channels: scale expansion and the creation of new tasks. Heterogeneity tests indicate that the positive effect of AI development levels on recruitment volumes in Beijing is more pronounced in the manufacturing sector, in eastern regions, and among non-state-owned enterprises. Further analysis reveals that corporate AI development significantly raises average employee compensation levels but does not have a significant impact on internal wage disparities within firms. Based on these findings, the study proposes recommendations such as strengthening national AI talent development and implementing differentiated approaches to industrial digital transformation. These recommendations provide a reference for exploring models that leverage AI to promote high-quality employment and for Beijing to play a leading and exemplary role in this regard.
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